Some Chinese-born scientists and engineers in the United States are hopeful the second Trump presidency will recognise their contribution to American academia and scientific advances, despite the first Trump administration introducing an initiative they say brought fear and discrimination.

“The United States has benefited tremendously from the scientific contributions of foreign immigrants, especially Asian-American, and that shouldn’t change,” Liu told the South China Morning Post on Wednesday.

However, Shun-Rong Zhang, a space weather researcher at MIT’s Haystack Observatory, said the election results had made prospects for US-China cooperation in space technology “even less optimistic”.

The programme was heavily criticised for disproportionately targeting academics of Chinese descent for issues unrelated to espionage. Although the Biden administration officially terminated the initiative in 2022, the Republican Party has been pushing for its return.